{"id":6641,"date":"2026-08-28T10:11:45","date_gmt":"2026-08-28T03:11:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/?p=6641"},"modified":"2026-08-28T10:13:32","modified_gmt":"2026-08-28T03:13:32","slug":"kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/","title":{"rendered":"Auditing of joint-stock companies: Regulations and procedures"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Auditing joint-stock companies is a mandatory requirement for many business groups according to Article 37. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/thuvienphapluat.vn\/van-ban\/Ke-toan-Kiem-toan\/Luat-67-2011-QH12-kiem-toan-doc-lap-122184.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Law on Independent Auditing No. 67\/2011\/QH12<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, especially public companies, securities issuers and securities trading organizations. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Beyond simply fulfilling compliance obligations, audited financial statements serve as a basis for banks to assess creditworthiness, for investors to make investment decisions, and for tax authorities to verify settlement data. For unlisted joint-stock companies, proactively conducting audits also helps to increase transparency in cash flow and reduce disputes among shareholders.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thuvienphapluat.vn\/van-ban\/Ke-toan-Kiem-toan\/Nghi-dinh-41-2018-ND-CP-quy-dinh-xu-phat-vi-pham-hanh-chinh-trong-linh-vuc-ke-toan-363484.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Decree 41\/2018\/ND-CP<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Regulations stipulate fines of up to 30 million VND if businesses fail to prepare financial statements in accordance with regulations or submit incomplete reports, including mandatory audit results. In practice, many joint-stock companies still confuse mandatory audit obligations under the law with voluntary audits for internal management purposes. This article, compiled from the perspective of MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network with a team of experts with over 30 years of practical experience, will clarify all regulations, procedures, and risks related to auditing joint-stock companies.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_88 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Index<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/#Tom_tat_trong_tam_ve_kiem_toan_cong_ty_co_phan\" >Summary of key aspects of auditing joint-stock companies<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/#Kiem_toan_cong_ty_co_phan_la_gi_theo_quy_dinh_phap_luat_hien_hanh\" >What is auditing a joint-stock company according to current legal regulations?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/#Vi_sao_doanh_nghiep_can_quan_tam_den_kiem_toan_cong_ty_co_phan\" >Why should businesses care about auditing their joint-stock companies?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/#Cong_ty_co_phan_nao_bat_buoc_phai_thuc_hien_kiem_toan_bao_cao_tai_chinh\" >Which joint-stock companies are required to have their financial statements audited?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/#Quy_trinh_kiem_toan_cong_ty_co_phan_chuan_gom_nhung_buoc_nao\" >What are the steps in a standard audit process for a joint-stock company?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/#Uy_ban_kiem_toan_trong_cong_ty_co_phan_co_vai_tro_gi\" >What is the role of the audit committee in a joint-stock company?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/#MAN_%E2%80%93_Master_Accountant_Network_trien_khai_dich_vu_kiem_toan_cong_ty_co_phan_nhu_the_nao\" >How does MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network provide auditing services for joint-stock companies?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/#Cac_goi_dich_vu_kiem_toan_cong_ty_co_phan_tai_MAN_co_gi_khac_biet\" >What makes MAN&#039;s corporate audit service packages different?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/#Doi_ngu_va_cam_ket_bao_mat_cua_MAN_gom_nhung_gi\" >What does MAN&#039;s team and security commitment entail?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/#MAN_phuc_vu_kiem_toan_cong_ty_co_phan_tai_nhung_khu_vuc_nao\" >In which regions does MAN provide auditing services for joint-stock companies?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/#Case_Study_Cong_ty_co_phan_tai_Quan_7_xu_ly_kiem_toan_truoc_them_goi_von_ra_sao\" >Case Study: How did a joint-stock company in District 7 handle its audit before raising capital?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/#Boi_canh\" >Background<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/#Xu_ly\" >Handle<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/#Ket_qua_do_luong_duoc\" >The measured results<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/#Nhan_dinh_chuyen_gia_Nhung_rui_ro_nao_doanh_nghiep_thuong_gap_khi_kiem_toan_cong_ty_co_phan\" >Expert opinion: What risks do businesses commonly encounter when auditing a joint-stock company?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/#Ket_luan\" >Conclude<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/#Cac_dich_vu_khac\" >Other services<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/#Thong_tin_lien_he_dich_vu_tai_MAN_%E2%80%93_Master_Accountant_Network\" >Service contact information at MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan\/#Cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_kiem_toan_cong_ty_co_phan\" >Frequently Asked Questions about Auditing Joint Stock Companies<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tom_tat_trong_tam_ve_kiem_toan_cong_ty_co_phan\"><\/span><b>Summary of key aspects of auditing joint-stock companies<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_6645\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6645\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6645\" src=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Tom-tat-trong-tam-ve-kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan.jpg\" alt=\"T\u00f3m t\u1eaft tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Tom-tat-trong-tam-ve-kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Tom-tat-trong-tam-ve-kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Tom-tat-trong-tam-ve-kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Tom-tat-trong-tam-ve-kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Tom-tat-trong-tam-ve-kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6645\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Summary of key aspects of auditing joint-stock companies<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Auditing a joint-stock company is the process of examining and verifying the accuracy and fairness of financial statements, carried out by an independent auditing firm.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Used to verify financial data for shareholder meetings, bank loan applications, securities listing applications, and tax settlements.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This applies to public companies, issuers, foreign-invested enterprises in the form of shares, and other joint-stock companies that require financial transparency.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Annual audits are required for mandatory audits under Article 37 of the Independent Auditing Law, or at the request of shareholders, credit institutions, or M&amp;A partners.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kiem_toan_cong_ty_co_phan_la_gi_theo_quy_dinh_phap_luat_hien_hanh\"><\/span><b>What is auditing a joint-stock company according to current legal regulations?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_6642\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6642\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6642\" src=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan-la-gi-theo-quy-dinh-phap-luat-hien-hanh.jpg\" alt=\"Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan-la-gi-theo-quy-dinh-phap-luat-hien-hanh.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan-la-gi-theo-quy-dinh-phap-luat-hien-hanh-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan-la-gi-theo-quy-dinh-phap-luat-hien-hanh-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan-la-gi-theo-quy-dinh-phap-luat-hien-hanh-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan-la-gi-theo-quy-dinh-phap-luat-hien-hanh-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6642\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">What is auditing a joint-stock company according to current legal regulations?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Auditing a joint-stock company is an activity carried out by an independent auditing firm with practicing auditors, who examines and provides an opinion on the fairness and accuracy of the financial statements. (According to Article 5) <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/luat-kiem-toan-doc-lap-2011\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Law on Independent Auditing No. 67\/2011\/QH12<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/kiem-toan-doc-lap-la-gi\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">independent audit<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> This involves professional auditors and auditing firms examining and providing independent opinions on financial statements. For joint-stock companies, the dispersed ownership across multiple shareholders makes the need for data transparency even more critical compared to single-owner businesses.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unlike internal audits conducted by the company itself, audits of joint-stock companies always require an independent third party with no vested interest in the audited enterprise. The results are presented in an audit report, which is a legally binding document when the company works with banks, tax authorities, stock exchanges, or investment partners.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Three main legal documents govern the auditing obligations of joint-stock companies: Law on Independent Auditing No. 67\/2011\/QH12, with Article 37 specifying the groups of entities required to undergo auditing; the Securities Law 2019, with Article 120 regulating the publication of audited financial statements of public companies; and Decree 155\/2020\/ND-CP providing detailed guidance. In addition, Article 161 of the Enterprise Law 2020 stipulates the Audit Committee, an internal supervisory body operating in parallel with independent auditing in joint-stock companies that do not have a Supervisory Board.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vi_sao_doanh_nghiep_can_quan_tam_den_kiem_toan_cong_ty_co_phan\"><\/span><b>Why should businesses care about auditing their joint-stock companies?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unaudited financial statements are often questioned for their reliability, especially when the company has many shareholders who are not directly involved in management. Auditing a joint-stock company helps to separate responsibilities between the Board of Directors, the Executive Board, and shareholders, and also detects accounting errors early before the data is used for major decisions such as dividend distribution, capital increases, or share transfers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to Decree 41\/2018\/ND-CP, submitting financial statements without an attached audit report in cases where it is legally required can result in a fine of 10 to 20 million VND. If a company fails to prepare financial statements in accordance with regulations, the fine increases to 20 to 30 million VND. Beyond administrative penalties, the indirect consequences are even more serious: loan applications may be rejected by banks, listing applications may be returned by regulatory authorities, or shareholders may sue due to suspicions of financial data discrepancies.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><b><i>See more articles at:<\/i><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/cong-ty-kiem-toan-uy-tin\/\"> <i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reputable auditing firms: Top 15 leading firms and solutions from MAN<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cong_ty_co_phan_nao_bat_buoc_phai_thuc_hien_kiem_toan_bao_cao_tai_chinh\"><\/span><b>Which joint-stock companies are required to have their financial statements audited?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Not all joint-stock companies are legally required to undergo a company audit. This obligation only applies to certain specific groups; the rest are audited on a voluntary basis. The table below summarizes the groups and their corresponding legal basis.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"2\" cellpadding=\"12\">\n<caption><b>The summary table of joint-stock companies requires financial statement audits.<\/b><\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Business group<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Legal basis<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Audit frequency<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Public company, issuer, securities trading organization<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 37 of the Independent Auditing Law 2011; Article 120 of the Securities Law 2019; Decree 155\/2020\/ND-CP<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Annually, along with a review of the semi-annual report.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Foreign-invested enterprises (including joint-stock companies with foreign capital)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 37 of the Independent Auditing Law 2011<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Annual<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">State-owned enterprises that have been equitized, with state ownership exceeding 50% of charter capital.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 37 of the Independent Auditing Law 2011 and guiding documents of the Ministry of Finance<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Annual<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unlisted joint-stock companies that do not belong to the above groups.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Not mandatory under current law, participation is voluntary.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Based on the need for borrowing, raising capital, restructuring, or shareholder requests.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It&#039;s worth noting that unlisted joint-stock companies should still consider having their financial statements audited periodically if they plan to raise capital, issue private bonds, or prepare for an IPO in the near future, as institutional investors typically require a minimum of two to three years of audited financial statements.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quy_trinh_kiem_toan_cong_ty_co_phan_chuan_gom_nhung_buoc_nao\"><\/span><b>What are the steps in a standard audit process for a joint-stock company?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_6644\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6644\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6644\" src=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Quy-trinh-kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan-chuan-gom-nhung-buoc-nao.jpg\" alt=\"Quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Quy-trinh-kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan-chuan-gom-nhung-buoc-nao.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Quy-trinh-kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan-chuan-gom-nhung-buoc-nao-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Quy-trinh-kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan-chuan-gom-nhung-buoc-nao-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Quy-trinh-kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan-chuan-gom-nhung-buoc-nao-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Quy-trinh-kiem-toan-cong-ty-co-phan-chuan-gom-nhung-buoc-nao-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6644\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">What are the steps in a standard audit process for a joint-stock company?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A well-structured audit process for a joint-stock company is typically organized into five steps, ensuring compliance with Vietnamese auditing standards (VSA) and facilitating reconciliation during tax settlement.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Step 1: Conduct a preliminary survey and sign the audit contract.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Auditors research the industry, size, shareholder structure, and existing accounting system to assess the level of risk before signing a contract.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Step 2: Develop an audit plan.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Determine the materiality level, scope of inspection, personnel assignment, and timeframe appropriate to the specific characteristics of a joint-stock company.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Step 3: Conduct an on-site audit.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Gather audit evidence, reconcile accounts payable, conduct asset inventories, confirm bank balances, and review related-party transactions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Step 4: Compile, review, and issue the audit report.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The results are independently reviewed by members of the auditing firm&#039;s board of directors before the official report is released.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Step 5: Post-audit support.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Providing advice on adjusting accounting records, preparing data for the annual general meeting of shareholders and settling corporate income tax.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p><b><i>See more articles at:<\/i><\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/cong-ty-dich-vu-kiem-toan\/\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Top 10 Reputable and Professional Auditing Service Companies in Ho Chi Minh City<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uy_ban_kiem_toan_trong_cong_ty_co_phan_co_vai_tro_gi\"><\/span><b>What is the role of the audit committee in a joint-stock company?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to Article 161 of the 2020 Enterprise Law, a joint-stock company organized without a Supervisory Board may establish an Audit Committee reporting to the Board of Directors, with members being non-executive personnel. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Decree 155\/2020\/ND-CP, in Articles 283 and 284, stipulates that the Audit Committee must meet at least twice a year, oversee the financial statement preparation process, and act as the focal point for coordination with independent audit firms. This mechanism does not replace external audits of joint-stock companies, but plays a supplementary internal control role, helping to detect irregularities early before the reports are published.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"MAN_%E2%80%93_Master_Accountant_Network_trien_khai_dich_vu_kiem_toan_cong_ty_co_phan_nhu_the_nao\"><\/span><b>How does MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network provide auditing services for joint-stock companies?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">From the perspective of MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network, the majority of difficulties in auditing joint-stock companies lie not in accounting techniques but in document preparation and coordination between departments. MAN&#039;s team of experts, with over 30 years of practical experience, typically begins by quickly reviewing the documentation system and identifying loopholes in the approval process before proceeding with the formal audit, thereby significantly shortening processing time compared to traditional methods.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_goi_dich_vu_kiem_toan_cong_ty_co_phan_tai_MAN_co_gi_khac_biet\"><\/span><b>What makes MAN&#039;s corporate audit service packages different?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The solutions from MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network are categorized by the size and complexity of the business, helping joint-stock companies choose the appropriate package instead of paying for unnecessary items. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/bang-gia-dich-vu-kiem-toan-chi-tiet\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Audit service price list<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The information below is for reference only; actual costs depend on the size, number of transactions, and accounting record of each business.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-color: #000000;\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"2\" cellpadding=\"12\">\n<caption><b>Summary of audit service packages for joint-stock companies at MAN<\/b><\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>Service package<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>Scope of work<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>Reference fee<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Basic audit<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Small-scale company, revenue under 20 billion VND, simple transaction structure.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">15 \u2013 30 million VND\/year<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Standard audit<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Medium-sized joint-stock company with many shareholders, and subsidiaries or branches.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">30 \u2013 70 million VND\/year<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Auditing of public and listed companies.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Auditing the annual financial statements, combined with reviewing the semi-annual report, and preparing the information disclosure documents.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Individual pricing based on total asset size.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div class=\"su-button-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/lien-he\/\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-flat\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#d9534f;border-color:#ae4340;border-radius:5px\" target=\"_self\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:0px 22px;font-size:17px;line-height:34px;border-color:#e58784;border-radius:5px;text-shadow:none\">  Contact Us for a Quote <\/span><\/a><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Doi_ngu_va_cam_ket_bao_mat_cua_MAN_gom_nhung_gi\"><\/span><b>What does MAN&#039;s team and security commitment entail?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The experts at MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network are all certified public accountants (CPAs) who receive regular training in accordance with Vietnamese auditing standards and international practices. MAN is committed to absolute confidentiality of financial data, shareholder agreements, and other internal information throughout the auditing process of joint-stock companies, and assumes clear legal responsibility for the audit opinions issued.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"MAN_phuc_vu_kiem_toan_cong_ty_co_phan_tai_nhung_khu_vuc_nao\"><\/span><b>In which regions does MAN provide auditing services for joint-stock companies?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network provides nationwide auditing services for joint-stock companies, focusing its resources on key economic areas such as District 1 and District 7 in Ho Chi Minh City, as well as industrial zones in Binh Duong and Dong Nai, where many manufacturing joint-stock companies and foreign-invested companies are concentrated.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Case_Study_Cong_ty_co_phan_tai_Quan_7_xu_ly_kiem_toan_truoc_them_goi_von_ra_sao\"><\/span><b>Case Study: How did a joint-stock company in District 7 handle its audit before raising capital?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Boi_canh\"><\/span><b>Background<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Company Y, a logistics company headquartered in District 7, Ho Chi Minh City, is preparing to negotiate with an investment fund to increase its charter capital. The investment fund requires the company&#039;s financial statements for the three most recent years to be audited by an independent firm, while the company has previously only prepared internal reports that have not been audited.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Xu_ly\"><\/span><b>Handle<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Following advice from MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network, the company took three steps: <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(1) Review and standardize accounting records for three consecutive years to eliminate discrepancies between records and original documents, <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(2) conduct a retrospective audit of the joint-stock company for the two previous years and an audit of the current year, <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(3) Prepare a set of documents explaining related party transactions to serve the investment fund&#039;s appraisal.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ket_qua_do_luong_duoc\"><\/span><b>The measured results<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Completed the audit of three financial years within six weeks, meeting the deadline negotiated with the investment fund.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The timely detection and correction of two incorrectly accounted liabilities prevented errors in the company&#039;s valuation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The investment fund approved the proposed valuation, and the capital increase transaction was completed on schedule.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhan_dinh_chuyen_gia_Nhung_rui_ro_nao_doanh_nghiep_thuong_gap_khi_kiem_toan_cong_ty_co_phan\"><\/span><b>Expert opinion: What risks do businesses commonly encounter when auditing a joint-stock company?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Risk 1: Confusion between mandatory and voluntary audits: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many joint-stock companies believe that only listed companies need to be audited, leading to the omission of obligations when the company has foreign investment or belongs to the group of privatized state-owned enterprises. Incorrectly identifying the target group can result in the company being subject to back taxes and penalties when regulatory authorities review its information disclosure records.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Risk 2: Incomplete documentation at the start of the audit: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lack of inventory records, confirmation of accounts payable, or transaction contracts with related parties are common reasons why the auditing process for joint-stock companies takes longer than expected. Experts at MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network recommend that businesses prepare a minimum list of documents at the beginning of the fiscal year instead of waiting until close to the audit date.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Risk 3: Transactions with shareholders and related parties that have not been properly approved: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to Article 293 of Decree 155\/2020\/ND-CP, certain transactions between public companies and shareholders and related parties must be approved by the general meeting of shareholders or the board of directors. If this approval step is omitted, auditors may issue a qualified opinion, directly affecting the company&#039;s reputation with investors.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Risk 4: Failure to keep up-to-date with changes to the Audit Committee and the Supervisory Board: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The transition in governance model between having and not having a Supervisory Board under the 2020 Enterprise Law requires joint-stock companies to update their charters and internal regulations accordingly. Errors at this stage often lead to the joint-stock company&#039;s audit report being required to provide additional explanatory notes before official release.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ket_luan\"><\/span><b>Conclude<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Auditing a joint-stock company is not only a legal compliance procedure but also a tool to help businesses protect their reputation with shareholders, banks, and investors. Understanding the required parties, preparing complete documentation, and adhering to standard procedures will help joint-stock companies avoid unnecessary penalties and shorten processing time when they need to raise capital or list on the stock exchange.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network is a tax, accounting, and auditing consulting firm with a team of experts boasting over 30 years of practical experience and a deep understanding of tax risk management in Vietnam. For personalized advice tailored to your business needs, contact MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network today.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_dich_vu_khac\"><\/span><b>Other services<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/dich-vu-kiem-toan-noi-bo-tron-goi\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Internal audit services<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/dich-vu-danh-gia-he-thong-kiem-soat-noi-bo-tron-goi\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Internal Control System Assessment Service<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/dich-vu-kiem-toan-theo-yeu-cau-chuyen-sau\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Auditing services on request<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/dich-vu-kiem-toan-thue-chuyen-nghiep\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Professional tax audit services<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/dich-vu-kiem-toan-xay-dung-toi-uu\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Construction auditing services<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/dich-vu-kiem-toan-quyet-toan-du-an-hoan-thanh-theo-quy-dinh\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Completed project settlement audit service<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/dich-vu-kiem-toan-bao-cao-tai-chinh-quan-4\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Financial statement audit services<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thong_tin_lien_he_dich_vu_tai_MAN_%E2%80%93_Master_Accountant_Network\"><\/span><b>Service contact information at MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Address:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> No. 19A, Street 43, Tan Thuan Ward, Ho Chi Minh City<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Mobile\/Zalo:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 0903 963 163 \u2013 0903 428 622<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>E-mail:<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">man@man.net.vn<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Google Business Profile:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/share.google\/EmihzHg354pCASC9k\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">View MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network&#039;s Google Business Profile\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>LinkedIn Founder:<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/tuy%C3%AAn-l%C3%AA-ho%C3%A0ng-65292aa0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> View expert Le Hoang Tuyen&#039;s LinkedIn profile.\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Responsible for production and professional content review by: Mr. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/man.net.vn\/le-hoang-tuyen\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le Hoang Tuyen<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 Founder &amp; CEO of MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network, CPA Vietnam with over 30 years of experience in accounting, auditing, taxation, and corporate financial consulting.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_kiem_toan_cong_ty_co_phan\"><\/span><b>Frequently Asked Questions about Auditing Joint Stock Companies<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Are unlisted joint-stock companies required to undergo auditing?<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No, unless the company has foreign investment or belongs to the group of privatized state-owned enterprises with state ownership exceeding 50% of charter capital. Other joint-stock companies conduct audits on a voluntary basis according to management needs or partner requirements.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>How long does it usually take to audit a joint-stock company?<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For small and medium-sized companies, the audit time for a joint-stock company ranges from two to four weeks. For publicly traded companies with multiple subsidiaries, the time can extend to six to eight weeks, depending on the complexity of the consolidation transaction.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>What factors determine the cost of auditing a joint-stock company?<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Costs depend on revenue, total assets, the number of branches or subsidiaries, the complexity of the transaction, and the state of the accounting records at the time the audit begins.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>What impact will the failure to complete the audit on time have on the shareholders&#039; general meeting?<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unaudited financial statements may prevent the annual general meeting of shareholders from having sufficient grounds to approve the profit distribution plan, and may also delay the disclosure of information for publicly listed companies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Does a company that has recently converted from a limited liability company to a joint-stock company need to be audited immediately?<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If, after the conversion, the company falls under the mandatory category according to Article 37 of the Law on Independent Auditing, for example, preparing for listing or having foreign capital, the enterprise needs to conduct an audit of the joint-stock company from the first fiscal year after the conversion to avoid disruption to legal documentation.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m doanh nghi\u1ec7p theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 37 Lu\u1eadt Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp s\u1ed1 67\/2011\/QH12, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kinh doanh ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n. Kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":6643,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6641","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dich-vu","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6641","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6641"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6641\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6646,"href":"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6641\/revisions\/6646"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6643"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6641"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6641"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kiemtoan.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6641"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}